Scientifically Supported Health Benefits
Numerous clinical trials confirm that beetroot juice lowers systolic and diastolic blood pressure due to its high nitrate content. Daily consumption enhances endothelial function and improves arterial elasticity, especially in individuals with hypertension [1].
Improved exercise performance
Beetroot juice or complex with other functional juicesincreases endurance and efficiency in both elite athletes and recreational exercisers. The nitrate-nitric oxide pathway reduces oxygen cost during submaximal exercise and delays fatigue by enhancing mitochondrial efficiency [5].
Cardiovascular protection
Beyond blood pressure, beetroot supports overall heart health by improving lipid profiles, reducing arterial stiffness, and protecting against oxidative stress and inflammation that contribute to atherosclerosis [6].
Anti-inflammatory effects
Betalains, especially betanin, reduce inflammation markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and inhibit cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1, COX-2), mechanisms similar to those of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) [2].
Liver detoxification and antioxidant defense
Beetroot supports liver function by promoting glutathione synthesis and enhancing phase II detoxification enzymes. Its antioxidant action reduces lipid peroxidation and protects hepatic cells from oxidative injury [7].
Cognitive and vascular brain health
Nitric oxide from beetroot juice may enhance cerebral blood flow, particularly in the frontal cortex, which is involved in executive function. Some studies show improved cognitive performance and reaction time in older adults following beetroot supplementation [8].
Gut microbiota modulation
Beetroot polyphenols and fiber act as prebiotics. In vitro and animal studies show increased abundance of beneficial microbes and production of short-chain fatty acids, contributing to gut health and systemic metabolic balance [9].
References
- Kapil, V., Weitzberg, E., Lundberg, J. O., et al. (2015). Clinical evidence of the nitrate–nitrite–NO pathway: Focus on beetroot juice. Nitric Oxide, 45, 77–83.
- Clifford, T., Howatson, G., West, D. J., et al. (2015). The potential benefits of red beetroot supplementation in health and disease. Nutrients, 7(4), 2801–2822.
- Kujala, T. S., Loponen, J. M., Klika, K. D., et al. (2000). Phenolics and betacyanins in red beetroot (Beta vulgaris) root: Distribution and effect of cold storage. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 48(11), 5338–5342.
- de Zwart, L. L., Meerman, J. H. N., Commandeur, J. N. M., et al. (1999). Biomarkers of free radical damage: Applications in experimental animals and human studies. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 48(6), 693–705.
- Jones, A. M., Thompson, C., Wylie, L. J., et al. (2018). Dietary nitrate and physical performance. Annual Review of Nutrition, 38, 303–328.
- Siervo, M., Lara, J., Ogbonmwan, I., et al. (2013). Inorganic nitrate and beetroot juice supplementation reduces blood pressure in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Nutrition, 143(6), 818–826.
- Kanner, J., Harel, S., Granit, R. (2001). Betalains: A new class of dietary cationized antioxidants. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 49(11), 5178–5185.
- Presley, T. D., Morgan, A. R., Bechtold, E., et al. (2011). Acute effect of a high-nitrate diet on brain perfusion in older adults. Nitric Oxide, 24(1), 34–42.
- Hobbs, D. A., Kaffa, N., George, T. W., et al. (2013). Beetroot and cardiovascular health: A randomized controlled crossover study. British Journal of Nutrition, 110(11), 2064–2075.